/usr/share/sendmail/update_db is in sendmail-base 8.15.2-3.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o755.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# $Sendmail: update_db,v 8.15.2 2015-12-10 18:02:49 cowboy Exp $
#
# Update Sendmail databases for Debian
#
# Copyright (c) 1998-2010 Richard Nelson.  All Rights Reserved.
#
# Notes (to all):
#	* assumes makemap dbtype /etc/mail/database < /etc/mail/database
#
# Notes (to self):
#	* changes made herein *must* be reflected in
#		parse_mc,update_mk,update_db,debian.m4
#	* multiple db options not supported
#	* userdb can also have multiple databases and then a forward!
#	* need sendmail stop/start
#
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
set -e;
# List of db files/features/etc
db_files="databases Makefile crontab QUEUE_GROUP sendmail.cf submit.cf \
		confCR_FILE confCT_FILE confCW_FILE confUSERDB_SPEC \
		access_db authinfo bitdomain domaintable \
		genericstable mailertable uucpdomain \
		use_cw_file use_ct_file virtusertable ALIAS_FILE";
# Path to other sendmail helpers
if [ -x ./update_sendmail ]; then
	sm_path='.';
elif [ -x $(dirname $0)/update_sendmail ]; then
	sm_path=$(dirname $0);
else
	sm_path=/usr/share/sendmail;
	fi;
# Bring in sendmail.conf for the network definitions
if [ ! -f /etc/mail/sendmail.conf ]; then
	if [ -x $sm_path/update_conf ]; then
		$sm_path/update_conf;
		fi;
	fi; 
if [ -f /etc/mail/sendmail.conf ]; then
	. /etc/mail/sendmail.conf;
	fi;
if [ "$HANDS_OFF" != 'No' ]; then
	exit 0;
	fi;
# control amount of output
verbosity=0;
# flag used to ensure only one newaliases command is run
newaliases_run=0;
# flag used to indicate a dataset has been moved, may need another update
changed=0;
# max return code
max_rc=0;
missing_rqd=0;
missing_opt=0;
missing_cre=0;
m4_errors=0;
#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Initial update of sendmail.mc/databases
#-------------------------------------------------------------
initial () {
	if [ $verbosity -gt 1 ]; then
		echo "initial()";
		fi;
	# Sigh... I wish this was in Perl...
	$sm_path/parse_mc || true;
	};
#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle found databases
#-------------------------------------------------------------
is_found () {
	if [ $verbosity -gt 1 ]; then
		echo "is_found: $dbfeat - $dbname";
		fi;
	process=1;
	case "$dbfeat" in
		ALIAS_FILE)
			if [ -f /etc/mail/aliases ] & [ ! -f /etc/aliases ]; then
				echo "Moving /etc/mail/aliases to /etc/aliases";
				mv /etc/mail/aliases /etc/aliases;
				ln -sf ../aliases /etc/mail/aliases;
				fi;
			;;
		submit.cf)
			if [ ! -f /usr/share/sendmail/cf/feature/msp.m4 ]; then
				rm -f /etc/mail/submit.cf 2>/dev/null;
				rm -f /etc/mail/submit.cf.errors 2>/dev/null;
				process=0;
				fi;
			;;
		*)
			;;
		esac;
	};
#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle missing databases:
#	 moving  /etc/xxx to /etc/mail/xxx
#	 rename  /etc/mail/xxx to /etc/mail/yyy
#-------------------------------------------------------------
move_file () {
	if [ -f $1 ]; then
		if [ ! -L $1 ]; then
			echo "Moving $1 to $dbname.";
			mv $1 $dbname;
			chown root:smmsp $dbname;
			chmod 0644 $dbname;
			if [ -f $1.db ]; then
				mv -f /etc/$1.db  $dbname.db;
				fi;
			if [ -f $1.pag ]; then
				mv -f /etc/$1.pag $dbname.pag;
				fi;
			if [ -f $1.dir ]; then
				mv -f /etc/$1.dir $dbname.dir;
				fi;
			changed=1;
			process=1;
		else
			echo "$1 is a link, move it to $dbname";
			if [ "$dbopts" = "-o" ]; then
				missing_opt=`expr $missing_opt + 1`;
			else
				missing_rqd=`expr $missing_rqd + 1`;
				fi;
			fi;
		true;
	else
		false;
		fi;
	};
rename_file () {
	if [ -f /etc/mail/$1 ]; then
		echo "Renaming /etc/mail/$1 to $dbname.";
		mv /etc/mail/$1 $dbname;
		chown root:smmsp $dbname;
		chmod 0644 $dbname;
		changed=1;
		process=1;
		true;
	else
		false;
		fi;
	};
is_not_found () {
	if [ $verbosity -gt 1 ]; then
		echo "is_not_found: $dbfeat - $dbname";
		fi;
	case "$dbfeat" in
		databases|Makefile)
			:;
			;;
		use_cw_file|confCW_FILE)
			if move_file /etc/local-host-names; then
				:;
			elif rename_file sendmail.cw; then
				:;
			elif move_file /etc/sendmail.cw; then
				:;
			else
				missing_cre=`expr $missing_cre + 1`;
				echo "Warning: $dbfeat source" \
					"file not found: $dbname";
				echo " it was created";
				echo "localhost" > $dbname;
				echo `hostname -f` >> $dbname;
				chown root:smmsp $dbname;
				chmod 0644 $dbname;
				fi;
			;;
		use_ct_file|confCT_FILE)
			if move_file /etc/trusted-users; then
				:;
			elif rename_file sendmail.ct; then
				:;
			elif move_file /etc/sendmail.ct; then
				:;
			else
				missing_cre=`expr $missing_cre + 1`;
				echo "Warning: $dbfeat source" \
					"file not found: $dbname";
				echo " it was created";
				touch $dbname;
				chown root:smmsp $dbname;
				chmod 0644 $dbname;
				fi;
			;;
		HELP_FILE)
			if move_file /etc/sendmail.hf; then
				:;
			elif rename_file sendmail.hf; then
				:;
			else
				echo "Error: $dbfeat source file not found: $dbname";
				missing_rqd=`expr $missing_rqd + 1`;
				process=0;
				fi;
			;;
		ALIAS_FILE)
			if [ -e /etc/$dbsname ]; then
				echo "Linking /etc/$dbsname to $dbname";
				ln -sf ../$dbsname $dbname;
				if [ -f /etc/$dbsname.db ]; then
					mv /etc/$dbsname.db /etc/mail;
					fi;
				if [ -f /etc/$dbsname.pag ]; then
					mv /etc/$dbsname.pag /etc/mail;
					fi;
				if [ -f /etc/$dbsname.dir ]; then
					mv /etc/$dbsname.dir /etc/mail;
					fi;
			elif [ "$dbopts" = "-o" ]; then
				echo "Informational: $dbfeat source" \
					"file not found: $dbname";
				missing_opt=`expr $missing_opt + 1`;
				process=0;
			else
				echo "Error: $dbfeat source file not found: $dbname";
				missing_rqd=`expr $missing_rqd + 1`;
				process=0;
				fi;
			;;
		*.cf)
			mcfile=$(echo "$dbsname" | sed -e 's/\..*//')
			if move_file /etc/$dbsname; then
				  if [ -f /etc/${mcfile}.cf ]; then
					  mv -f /etc/${mcfile}.cf  /etc/mail/;
					  fi;
			elif [ "$mcfile" = "sendmail" ]; then
				cp /usr/share/sendmail/cf/debian/sendmail.mc \
					$dbname;
				chown root:smmsp $dbname;
				chmod 0644 $dbname;
			elif [ "$mcfile" = "submit" ]; then
				cp /usr/share/sendmail/cf/debian/submit.mc \
					$dbname;
				chown root:smmsp $dbname;
				chmod 0644 $dbname;
			elif [ "$dbopts" = "-o" ]; then
				echo "Informational: $dbfeat source" \
					"file not found: $dbname";
				missing_opt=`expr $missing_opt + 1`;
				process=0;
			else
				echo "Error: $dbfeat source file not found: $dbname";
				missing_rqd=`expr $missing_rqd + 1`;
				process=0;
				fi;
			;;
		QUEUE_GROUP)
			echo "Warning: $dbfeat source" \
					"file not found: $dbname";
				echo " it was created";
			mkdir -p $dbname;
			chown root:smmsp $dbname;
			chmod 02750 $dbname;
			;;
		crontab)
			if [ -x $sm_path/update_conf ]; then
				$sm_path/update_conf;
				fi;
			;;
		access_db)
			missing_cre=`expr $missing_cre + 1`;
			echo "Warning: $dbfeat source" \
				"file not found: $dbname";
			echo " it was created";
			cp /usr/share/sendmail/examples/db/access \
				/etc/mail/;
			chown root:root $dbname;
			chmod 0644 $dbname;
			;;
		*)
			if move_file /etc/$dbsname; then
				:;
			elif [ "$dbopts" = "-o" ]; then
				:;
			else
				missing_cre=`expr $missing_cre + 1`;
				echo "Warning: $dbfeat source" \
					"file not found: $dbname";
				echo " it was created";
				touch $dbname;
				chown root:smmsp $dbname;
				chmod 0644 $dbname;
				fi;
			;;
		esac;
	};
#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle empty databases
#-------------------------------------------------------------
is_empty () {
	if [ $verbosity -gt 1 ]; then
		echo "is_empty: $dbfeat - $dbname";
		fi;
	if [ $process -eq 1 ]; then
		if [ "$dbtype" != "-" ]; then
			rm -f $dbname.db;
			rm -f $dbname.pag;
			rm -f $dbname.dir;
			fi;
		case "$dbfeat" in
			databases|Makefile)
				:;
				;;
			access_db)
				cp /usr/share/sendmail/examples/db/access \
					/etc/mail/;
				chown root:root $dbname;
				chmod 0644 $dbname;
				;;
			*)
				echo "Informational: $dbfeat file empty: $dbname";
				if [ "$dbopts" = "-o" ]; then
					process=0;
					fi;
				;;
			esac;
		fi;
	};
#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle no data (exists, but is only comments) databases
#-------------------------------------------------------------
is_comments () {
	if [ $verbosity -gt 1 ]; then
		echo "is_comments: $dbfeat - $dbname";
		fi;
	if [ $process -eq 1 ] && [ -s "$dbname" ]; then
		if [ "$dbtype" != "-" ]; then
			rm -f $dbname.db;
			rm -f $dbname.pag;
			rm -f $dbname.dir;
			fi;
		case "$dbfeat" in
			databases|Makefile)
				:;
				;;
			*)
				echo "Informational: $dbfeat no data: $dbname";
				if [ "$dbopts" = "-o" ]; then
					process=0;
					fi;
				;;
			esac;
		fi;
	};
#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle normal databases (exists, has data)
#-------------------------------------------------------------
is_normal () {
	if [ $verbosity -gt 1 ]; then
		echo "is_normal: $dbfeat - $dbname";
		fi;
	# Make sure sensitive databases are *not* generally readable
	if [ "$dbsname" = "authinfo" ] \
	|| [ "$dbsname" = "access" ]; then
		chmod go-rwx $dbname;
		fi;
	if [ $process -eq 1 ] && [ $max_rc -eq 0 ]; then
		case "$dbtype" in
			'-'|text|ldap)
				:;
				;;
			parse_mc)
				$sm_path/parse_mc || true;
				;;
			update_conf)
				$sm_path/update_conf || true;
				;;
			update_mk)
				$sm_path/update_mk || true;
				;;
			btree)
				echo "Updating $dbname...";
				/usr/sbin/makemap -d $dbtype $dbname.new.db < $dbname;
				chown root:smmsp $dbname.new.db;
				chmod 0644 $dbname.new.db;
				mv -f $dbname.new.db $dbname.db;
				;;
			dbm | btree | hash)
				echo "Updating $dbname...";
				/usr/sbin/makemap $dbtype $dbname.new.db < $dbname;
				if [ "$dbsname" = "authinfo" ] \
				|| [ "$dbsname" = "access" ]; then
					chown smmta:smmsp $dbname.new.db;
					chmod 0640 $dbname.new.db;
				else
					chown root:smmsp $dbname.new.db;
					chmod 0640 $dbname.new.db;
					fi;
				mv -f $dbname.new.db $dbname.db;
				;;
			newaliases)
				echo "Updating $dbname...";
				if [ $newaliases_run -eq 0 ]; then
					newaliases_run=1;
					/usr/lib/sm.bin/newaliases || true;
					fi;
				if [ -f $dbname.db ]; then
					chown smmta:smmsp $dbname.db;
					chmod 0640 $dbname.db;
					fi;
				;;
			m4)
				mcfile=$(echo "$dbsname" | sed -e 's/\..*//');
				echo "Creating /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf...";
				rm -f /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.errors;
				m4 /etc/mail/${mcfile}.mc \
				   > /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.new \
				   2> /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.errors || true;
				echo "### /etc/mail/${mcfile}.mc ###" \
					>> /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.new;
				sed -e 's/^/# /' /etc/mail/${mcfile}.mc \
					>> /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.new;
				chown root:smmsp /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.new;
				chmod 0644 /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.new;
				if [ ! -s /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.errors ]; then
					rm -f /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.errors;
				else
					chown root:smmsp /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.errors;
					cat /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.errors;
					echo " ";
					m4_errors=1;
					fi;
				# Can't tell if the errors are fatal or not ;-{
				mv -f /etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf.new \
					/etc/mail/${mcfile}.cf;
				;;
			*)
				echo "$dbtype map not done herein";
				;;
			esac;
		fi;
	};
#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle completion
#-------------------------------------------------------------
final () {
	if [ $verbosity -gt 1 ]; then
		echo "final()";
		fi;
	};
# status report if not for single database
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
	echo "Checking {sendmail,submit}.mc and related databases...";
else
	db_files="$1";
	fi;
initial;
for file in $db_files; do \
	line=$(grep -Ee "^[[:space:]]*$file" \
		/etc/mail/databases || true);
	while ([ "$line" != "" ]); do
		str=$(echo "$line" | head -n 1)
		line=$(echo "$line" | tail -n +2)
		# Strip line back into four pieces: feature, type, opts, name
		dbfeat=$(echo "$str" | cut -d ":" -f 1);
		dbtype=$(echo "$str" | cut -d ":" -f 2);
		dbopts=$(echo "$str" | cut -d ":" -f 3);
		dbname=$(echo "$str" | cut -d ":" -f 4);
		dbregx=$(echo "$str" | cut -d ":" -f 5);
		if [ $(dirname "$dbname") = "/etc/mail" ]; then
			dbsname=$(basename "$dbname");
		elif [ $(dirname "$dbname") = "/etc" ]; then
			dbsname=$(basename "$dbname");
		else
			dbsname="$dbname";
			fi;
		if [ "$dbopts" = "-" ]; then
			dbopts="";
			fi;
		if [ "$dbregx" = "-" ]; then
			dbregx="";
			fi;
		# Check to see if we're doing one, or all
		if [ ! -z "$1" ]; then
			if [ "$1" = "$dbfeat" ] \
			|| [ "$1" = "$dbname" ] \
			|| [ "$1" = "$dbsname" ]; then
				:;
			else
				continue;
				fi;
			fi;
		# Check for special database types
		case "$dbtype" in
			ldap)
				if [ $verbosity -gt 0 ]; then
					echo "Skipping $dbname...";
					fi;
				continue
				;;
			dbm | btree | hash)
				if [ ! -x /usr/lib/sm.bin/makemap ]; then
					echo "Delaying $dbname...";
					continue;
					fi;
				;;
			newaliases)
				if [ ! -x /usr/lib/sm.bin/newaliases ]; then
					echo "Delaying $dbname...";
					continue;
					fi;
				;;
			*)
				;;
			esac;
		# Kluge for aliases...
		if [ "$dbname" = "ldap" ]; then
			continue;
			fi;
		if [ "$dbname" = "null" ]; then
			continue;
			fi;
		process=1;
		if [ $verbosity -gt 0 ]; then
			echo "Processing $dbname...";
			fi;
		# Check for database existance
		if [ -f "$dbname" ] || [ -d "$dbname" ]; then
			is_found;
		else
			is_not_found;
			fi;
		# Skip the rest for directories
		if [ ! -d "$dbname" ]; then
			# Check for something in database
			if [ ! -s "$dbname" ]; then
				is_empty;
				fi;
			# Check for real data (not just comments)
			if [ $process -eq 1 ]; then
				if ! grep -qEe "^[[:space:]]*[^$\#]" $dbname; then
					is_comments;
					fi;
				fi;
			# Finally, assume a normal file...
			is_normal;
			fi;
		done;
	done;
final;
# Final notices...
if [ $changed -ne 0 ]; then
	echo " ";
	echo "Informational: Some changes were made to file locations";
	echo "	Make sure sendmail.cf is rebuilt";
	if [ $max_rc -lt 1 ]; then
		max_rc=1;
		fi;
	fi;
if [ $missing_opt -ne 0 ]; then
	echo " ";
	echo "Informational: $missing_opt optional database(s) sources";
	echo "	were not found, please investigate.";  
	fi;
if [ $missing_cre -ne 0 ]; then
	echo " ";
	echo "Warning: $missing_cre database(s) sources";
	echo "	were not found, (but were created)";
	echo "	please investigate.";
	fi;
if [ $missing_rqd -ne 0 ]; then
	echo " ";
	echo "Error: $missing_rqd required database(s) sources";
	echo "	were not found, correct this before starting sendmail!";
	if [ $max_rc -lt 2 ]; then
		max_rc=2;
		fi;
	fi;
if [ $missing_opt -ne 0 ] || [ $missing_rqd -ne 0 ]; then
	echo " ";
	echo "$0 assumes that databases, and their source datasets";
	echo "have the same base name (not counting the .db).  If this is not";
	echo "true, $0 can not rebuild your databases to make sure";
	echo "they will work with the newer sendmail.  You will have to do this";
	echo "yourself - before starting sendmail.";
	echo " ";
	fi;
if [ $m4_errors -ne 0 ]; then
	echo " ";
	echo "Warning: These messages were issued while creating sendmail.cf";
	echo "	make sure they are benign before starting sendmail!";
	echo " ";
	if [ -f /etc/mail/sendmail.cf.errors ]; then
		echo "Errors in generating sendmail.cf";
		cat /etc/mail/sendmail.cf.errors;
		fi;
	if [ -f /etc/mail/submit.cf.errors ]; then
		echo "Errors in generating submit.cf";
		cat /etc/mail/submit.cf.errors;
		fi;
	echo " "
	if [ $max_rc -lt 2 ]; then
		max_rc=2;
		fi;
	fi;
exit $max_rc;
 |