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<title>MathGL 2.1.2: 7.2 Program flow commands</title>
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<a name="Program-flow-commands"></a>
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<a name="Program-flow-commands-1"></a>
<h2 class="section">7.2 Program flow commands</h2>
<p>Below I show commands to control program flow, like, conditions, loops, define script arguments and so on. Other commands can be found in chapters <a href="mathgl_en_29.html#MathGL-core">MathGL core</a> and <a href="mathgl_en_51.html#Data-processing">Data processing</a>. Note, that some of program flow commands (like <a href="#define">define</a>, <a href="#ask">ask</a>, <a href="#call">call</a>, <a href="#for">for</a>, <a href="#func">func</a>) should be placed alone in the string.
</p>
<a name="index-chdir"></a>
<p><a name="chdir"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-chdir-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>chdir</b><i> 'path'</i></dt>
<dd><p>Changes the current directory to <var>path</var>.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-ask"></a>
<p><a name="ask"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-ask-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>ask</b><i> $N 'question'</i></dt>
<dd><p>Sets <var>N</var>-th script argument to answer which give the user on the <var>question</var>. Usually this show dialog with question where user can enter some text as answer. Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-define"></a>
<p><a name="define"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-define-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>define</b><i> $N smth</i></dt>
<dd><p>Sets <var>N</var>-th script argument to <var>smth</var>. Note, that <var>smth</var> is used as is (with ‘<samp>'</samp>’ symbols if present). Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-define-2"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>define</b><i> name smth</i></dt>
<dd><p>Create scalar variable <code>name</code> which have the numeric value of <code>smth</code>. Later you can use this variable as usual number. Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-defchr"></a>
<p><a name="defchr"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-defchr-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>defchr</b><i> $N smth</i></dt>
<dd><p>Sets <var>N</var>-th script argument to character with value evaluated from <var>smth</var>. Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-defnum"></a>
<p><a name="defnum"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-defnum-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>defnum</b><i> $N smth</i></dt>
<dd><p>Sets <var>N</var>-th script argument to number with value evaluated from <var>smth</var>. Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-defpal"></a>
<p><a name="defpal"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-defpal-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>defpal</b><i> $N smth</i></dt>
<dd><p>Sets <var>N</var>-th script argument to palette character at position evaluated from <var>smth</var>. Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-call"></a>
<p><a name="call"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-call-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>call</b><i> 'fname' [ARG1 ARG2 ... ARG9]</i></dt>
<dd><p>Executes function <var>fname</var> (or script if function is not found). Optional arguments will be passed to functions. See also <a href="#func">func</a>.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-func"></a>
<p><a name="func"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-func-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>func</b><i> 'fname' [narg=0]</i></dt>
<dd><p>Define the function <var>fname</var> and number of required arguments. The arguments will be placed in script parameters $1, $2, ... $9. Note, you should stop script execution before function definition(s) by command <a href="#stop">stop</a>. See also <a href="#return">return</a>.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-return"></a>
<p><a name="return"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-return-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>return</b></dt>
<dd><p>Return from the function. See also <a href="#func">func</a>.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-if"></a>
<p><a name="if"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-if-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>if</b><i> dat 'cond'</i></dt>
<dd><p>Starts block which will be executed if <var>dat</var> satisfy to <var>cond</var>.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-if-2"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>if</b><i> <code>val</code></i></dt>
<dd><p>Starts block which will be executed if <code>val</code> is nonzero.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-elseif"></a>
<p><a name="elseif"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-elseif-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>elseif</b><i> dat 'cond'</i></dt>
<dd><p>Starts block which will be executed if previous <code>if</code> or <code>elseif</code> is false and <var>dat</var> satisfy to <var>cond</var>.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-elseif-2"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>elseif</b><i> <code>val</code></i></dt>
<dd><p>Starts block which will be executed if previous <code>if</code> or <code>elseif</code> is false and <code>val</code> is nonzero.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-else"></a>
<p><a name="else"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-else-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>else</b></dt>
<dd><p>Starts block which will be executed if previous <code>if</code> or <code>elseif</code> is false.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-endif"></a>
<p><a name="endif"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-endif-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>endif</b></dt>
<dd><p>Finishes <code>if/elseif/else</code> block.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-for"></a>
<p><a name="for"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-for-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>for</b><i> $N <code>v1 v2 [dv=1]</code></i></dt>
<dd><p>Starts cycle with $<var>N</var>-th argument changing from <var>v1</var> to <var>v2</var> with the step <var>dv</var>. Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-for-2"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>for</b><i> $N dat</i></dt>
<dd><p>Starts cycle with $<var>N</var>-th argument changing for <var>dat</var> values. Here <var>N</var> is digit (0...9) or alpha (a...z).
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-next"></a>
<p><a name="next"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-next-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>next</b></dt>
<dd><p>Finishes <code>for</code> cycle.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-once"></a>
<p><a name="once"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-once-1"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>once</b><i> <code>val</code></i></dt>
<dd><p>The code between <code>once on</code> and <code>once off</code> will be executed only once. Useful for large data manipulation in programs like UDAV.
</p></dd></dl>
<a name="index-stop-1"></a>
<p><a name="stop"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><a name="index-stop-2"></a><u>MGL command:</u> <b>stop</b></dt>
<dd><p>Terminate execution.
</p></dd></dl>
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