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  <div class="section" id="module-gridfs">
<span id="gridfs-tools-for-working-with-gridfs"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-gridfs" title="gridfs: Tools for working with GridFS"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">gridfs</span></tt></a> &#8211; Tools for working with GridFS<a class="headerlink" href="#module-gridfs" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>GridFS is a specification for storing large objects in Mongo.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-gridfs" title="gridfs: Tools for working with GridFS"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">gridfs</span></tt></a> package is an implementation of GridFS on top of
<a class="reference internal" href="../pymongo/index.html#module-pymongo" title="pymongo: Python driver for MongoDB"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">pymongo</span></tt></a>, exposing a file-like interface.</p>
<div class="admonition-see-general-mongodb-documentation admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<p class="admonition-title">See general MongoDB documentation</p>
<p class="last"><a class="reference external" href="http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/gridfs" name="gridfs.GridFS"><em>gridfs</em></a></p>
</div>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">gridfs.</tt><tt class="descname">GridFS</tt><big>(</big><em>database</em>, <em>collection='fs'</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Create a new instance of <a class="reference internal" href="#gridfs.GridFS" title="gridfs.GridFS"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridFS</span></tt></a>.</p>
<p>Raises <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></tt> if <cite>database</cite> is not an instance of
<a class="reference internal" href="../pymongo/database.html#pymongo.database.Database" title="pymongo.database.Database"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Database</span></tt></a>.</p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>database</cite>: database to use</li>
<li><cite>collection</cite> (optional): root collection to use</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.6: </span>The <cite>collection</cite> parameter.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition-see-general-mongodb-documentation admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<p class="admonition-title">See general MongoDB documentation</p>
<p class="last"><a class="reference external" href="http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/gridfs" name="gridfs.GridFS"><em>gridfs</em></a></p>
</div>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.delete">
<tt class="descname">delete</tt><big>(</big><em>file_id</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.delete" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Delete a file from GridFS by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Removes all data belonging to the file with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt>:
<cite>file_id</cite>.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p class="last">Any processes/threads reading from the file while
this method is executing will likely see an invalid/corrupt
file. Care should be taken to avoid concurrent reads to a file
while it is being deleted.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Deletes of non-existent files are considered successful
since the end result is the same: no file with that _id remains.</p>
</div>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>file_id</cite>: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt> of the file to delete</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.6.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.exists">
<tt class="descname">exists</tt><big>(</big><em>document_or_id=None</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.exists" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Check if a file exists in this instance of <a class="reference internal" href="#gridfs.GridFS" title="gridfs.GridFS"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridFS</span></tt></a>.</p>
<p>The file to check for can be specified by the value of its
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_id</span></tt> key, or by passing in a query document. A query
document can be passed in as dictionary, or by using keyword
arguments. Thus, the following three calls are equivalent:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">file_id</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exists</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s">&quot;_id&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">file_id</span><span class="p">})</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">file_id</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>As are the following two calls:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exists</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s">&quot;filename&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;mike.txt&quot;</span><span class="p">})</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">filename</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;mike.txt&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>And the following two:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exists</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s">&quot;foo&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&quot;$gt&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">}})</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&quot;$gt&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">})</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Returns <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></tt> if a matching file exists, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">False</span></tt>
otherwise. Calls to <a class="reference internal" href="#gridfs.GridFS.exists" title="gridfs.GridFS.exists"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">exists()</span></tt></a> will not automatically
create appropriate indexes; application developers should be
sure to create indexes if needed and as appropriate.</p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>document_or_id</cite> (optional): query document, or _id of the
document to check for</li>
<li><cite>**kwargs</cite> (optional): keyword arguments are used as a
query document, if they&#8217;re present.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.8.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.get">
<tt class="descname">get</tt><big>(</big><em>file_id</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.get" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Get a file from GridFS by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Returns an instance of <a class="reference internal" href="grid_file.html#gridfs.grid_file.GridOut" title="gridfs.grid_file.GridOut"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridOut</span></tt></a>,
which provides a file-like interface for reading.</p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>file_id</cite>: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt> of the file to get</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.6.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.get_last_version">
<tt class="descname">get_last_version</tt><big>(</big><em>filename=None</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.get_last_version" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Get the most recent version of a file in GridFS by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;filename&quot;</span></tt>
or metadata fields.</p>
<p>Equivalent to calling <a class="reference internal" href="#gridfs.GridFS.get_version" title="gridfs.GridFS.get_version"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_version()</span></tt></a> with the default
<cite>version</cite> (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-1</span></tt>).</p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>filename</cite>: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;filename&quot;</span></tt> of the file to get, or <cite>None</cite></li>
<li><cite>**kwargs</cite> (optional): find files by custom metadata.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 1.11: </span><cite>filename</cite> defaults to None;</p>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.11: </span>Accept keyword arguments to find files by custom metadata. See
<a class="reference internal" href="#gridfs.GridFS.get_version" title="gridfs.GridFS.get_version"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_version()</span></tt></a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.6.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.get_version">
<tt class="descname">get_version</tt><big>(</big><em>filename=None</em>, <em>version=-1</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.get_version" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Get a file from GridFS by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;filename&quot;</span></tt> or metadata fields.</p>
<p>Returns a version of the file in GridFS whose filename matches
<cite>filename</cite> and whose metadata fields match the supplied keyword
arguments, as an instance of <a class="reference internal" href="grid_file.html#gridfs.grid_file.GridOut" title="gridfs.grid_file.GridOut"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridOut</span></tt></a>.</p>
<p>Version numbering is a convenience atop the GridFS API provided
by MongoDB. If more than one file matches the query (either by
<cite>filename</cite> alone, by metadata fields, or by a combination of
both), then version <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-1</span></tt> will be the most recently uploaded
matching file, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-2</span></tt> the second most recently
uploaded, etc. Version <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> will be the first version
uploaded, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></tt> the second version, etc. So if three versions
have been uploaded, then version <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> is the same as version
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-3</span></tt>, version <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></tt> is the same as version <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-2</span></tt>, and
version <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">2</span></tt> is the same as version <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-1</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Raises <a class="reference internal" href="errors.html#gridfs.errors.NoFile" title="gridfs.errors.NoFile"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NoFile</span></tt></a> if no such version of
that file exists.</p>
<p>An index on <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">{filename:</span> <span class="pre">1,</span> <span class="pre">uploadDate:</span> <span class="pre">-1}</span></tt> will
automatically be created when this method is called the first
time.</p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>filename</cite>: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;filename&quot;</span></tt> of the file to get, or <cite>None</cite></li>
<li><cite>version</cite> (optional): version of the file to get (defaults
to -1, the most recent version uploaded)</li>
<li><cite>**kwargs</cite> (optional): find files by custom metadata.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 1.11: </span><cite>filename</cite> defaults to None;</p>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.11: </span>Accept keyword arguments to find files by custom metadata.</p>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.9.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.list">
<tt class="descname">list</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.list" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>List the names of all files stored in this instance of
<a class="reference internal" href="#gridfs.GridFS" title="gridfs.GridFS"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridFS</span></tt></a>.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 1.6: </span>Removed the <cite>collection</cite> argument.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.new_file">
<tt class="descname">new_file</tt><big>(</big><em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.new_file" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Create a new file in GridFS.</p>
<p>Returns a new <a class="reference internal" href="grid_file.html#gridfs.grid_file.GridIn" title="gridfs.grid_file.GridIn"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridIn</span></tt></a> instance to
which data can be written. Any keyword arguments will be
passed through to <a class="reference internal" href="grid_file.html#gridfs.grid_file.GridIn" title="gridfs.grid_file.GridIn"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridIn()</span></tt></a>.</p>
<p>If the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt> of the file is manually specified, it must
not already exist in GridFS. Otherwise
<a class="reference internal" href="errors.html#gridfs.errors.FileExists" title="gridfs.errors.FileExists"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FileExists</span></tt></a> is raised.</p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>**kwargs</cite> (optional): keyword arguments for file creation</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.6.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.open">
<tt class="descname">open</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.open" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>No longer supported.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 1.6: </span>The open method is no longer supported.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.put">
<tt class="descname">put</tt><big>(</big><em>data</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.put" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Put data in GridFS as a new file.</p>
<p>Equivalent to doing:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>try:
    f = new_file(**kwargs)
    f.write(data)
finally
    f.close()</pre>
</div>
<p><cite>data</cite> can be either an instance of <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">str</span></tt> (<tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bytes</span></tt>
in python 3) or a file-like object providing a <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">read()</span></tt> method.
If an <cite>encoding</cite> keyword argument is passed, <cite>data</cite> can also be a
<tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">unicode</span></tt> (<tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">str</span></tt> in python 3) instance, which will
be encoded as <cite>encoding</cite> before being written. Any keyword arguments
will be passed through to the created file - see
<a class="reference internal" href="grid_file.html#gridfs.grid_file.GridIn" title="gridfs.grid_file.GridIn"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">GridIn()</span></tt></a> for possible arguments. Returns the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt> of the created file.</p>
<p>If the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;_id&quot;</span></tt> of the file is manually specified, it must
not already exist in GridFS. Otherwise
<a class="reference internal" href="errors.html#gridfs.errors.FileExists" title="gridfs.errors.FileExists"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FileExists</span></tt></a> is raised.</p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">
<li><cite>data</cite>: data to be written as a file.</li>
<li><cite>**kwargs</cite> (optional): keyword arguments for file creation</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.9: </span>The ability to write <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">unicode</span></tt>, if an <cite>encoding</cite> has
been specified as a keyword argument.</p>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.6.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="gridfs.GridFS.remove">
<tt class="descname">remove</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#gridfs.GridFS.remove" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>No longer supported.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 1.6: </span>The remove method is no longer supported.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

<p>Sub-modules:</p>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="errors.html"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">errors</span></tt> &#8211; Exceptions raised by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">gridfs</span></tt> package</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="grid_file.html"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">grid_file</span></tt> &#8211; Tools for representing files stored in GridFS</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>


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