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/usr/share/postgresql-common/t/052_upgrade_encodings.t is in postgresql-common 129.

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# Test default and explicit encoding on upgrades

use strict; 

use lib 't';
use TestLib;

use Test::More tests => ($#MAJORS == 0) ? 1 : 45;

use lib '/usr/share/postgresql-common';
use PgCommon;

if ($#MAJORS == 0) {
        pass 'only one major version installed, skipping upgrade tests';
        exit 0;
}

my $outref;
my $oldv = $MAJORS[0];
my $newv = $MAJORS[-1];

is ((exec_as 0, "pg_createcluster --start --locale=ru_RU $oldv main", $outref), 0,
    "creating ru_RU $oldv cluster");

is ((exec_as 'postgres', 'psql -c "create database latintest" template1', $outref), 0,
    "creating latintest DB with LATIN encoding");
if ($oldv le '8.3') {
    is ((exec_as 'postgres', 'psql -c "create database asctest encoding = \'SQL_ASCII\'" template1', $outref), 0,
	"creating asctest DB with ASCII encoding");
} else {
    is ((exec_as 'postgres', 'psql -c "create database asctest template = template0 lc_collate = \'C\' lc_ctype = \'C\' encoding = \'SQL_ASCII\'" template1', $outref), 0,
	"creating asctest DB with C locale");
}

is ((exec_as 'postgres', "printf 'A\\324B' | psql -c \"create table t(x varchar); copy t from stdin\" latintest", $outref), 
    0, 'write LATIN database content to latintest');
is ((exec_as 'postgres', "printf 'A\\324B' | psql -c \"create table t(x varchar); copy t from stdin\" asctest", $outref), 
    0, 'write LATIN database content to asctest');

is_program_out 'postgres', "echo \"select * from t\" | psql -Atq latintest",
    0, "A\324B\n", 'old latintest DB has correctly encoded string';
is_program_out 'postgres', "echo \"select * from t\" | psql -Atq asctest",
    0, "A\324B\n", 'old asctest DB has correctly encoded string';

is ((exec_as 'postgres', 'psql -Atl', $outref), 0, 'psql -Atl on old cluster');
ok ((index $$outref, 'latintest|postgres|ISO_8859_5') >= 0, 'latintest is LATIN encoded');
ok ((index $$outref, 'asctest|postgres|SQL_ASCII') >= 0, 'asctest is ASCII encoded');
ok ((index $$outref, 'template1|postgres|ISO_8859_5') >= 0, 'template1 is LATIN encoded');

# upgrade without specifying locales, should be kept
like_program_out 0, "pg_upgradecluster -v $newv $oldv main", 0, qr/^Success/im;

is ((exec_as 'postgres', "psql --cluster $newv/main -Atl", $outref), 0, 'psql -Atl on upgraded cluster');
ok ((index $$outref, 'latintest|postgres|ISO_8859_5') >= 0, 'latintest is LATIN encoded');
ok ((index $$outref, 'asctest|postgres|SQL_ASCII') >= 0, 'asctest is ASCII encoded');
ok ((index $$outref, 'template1|postgres|ISO_8859_5') >= 0, 'template1 is LATIN encoded');
is_program_out 'postgres', "echo \"select * from t\" | psql --cluster $newv/main -Atq latintest",
    0, "A\324B\n", 'new latintest DB has correctly encoded string';

is ((system "pg_dropcluster --stop $newv main"), 0, 'dropping upgraded cluster');
is ((system "pg_ctlcluster $oldv main start"), 0, 'restarting old cluster');

# upgrade with explicitly specifying other locale
like_program_out 0, "pg_upgradecluster --locale ru_RU.UTF-8 -v $newv $oldv main", 0, qr/^Success/im;

is ((exec_as 'postgres', "psql --cluster $newv/main -Atl", $outref), 0, 'psql -Atl on upgraded cluster');
ok (($$outref =~ 'latintest|postgres|(UTF8|UNICODE)') >= 0, 'latintest is UTF8 encoded');
ok ((index $$outref, 'asctest|postgres|SQL_ASCII') >= 0, 'asctest is ASCII encoded');
ok (($$outref =~ 'template1|postgres|(UTF8|UNICODE)') >= 0, 'template1 is UTF8 encoded');
is_program_out 'postgres', "echo \"select * from t\" | psql --cluster $newv/main -Atq latintest",
    0, "AдB\n", 'new latintest DB has correctly encoded string';
# ASCII databases don't do automatic encoding conversion, so this remains LATIN
is_program_out 'postgres', "echo \"select * from t\" | psql --cluster $newv/main -Atq asctest",
    0, "A\324B\n", 'new asctest DB has correctly encoded string';

is ((system "pg_dropcluster --stop $newv main"), 0, 'dropping upgraded cluster');

is ((system "pg_dropcluster $oldv main"), 0, 'dropping old cluster');

check_clean;

# vim: filetype=perl