/usr/share/doc/python-pycurl-doc/html/quickstart.html is in python-pycurl-doc 7.19.5-3.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 | <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>PycURL Quick Start — PycURL 7.19.5 documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/default.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript">
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
URL_ROOT: './',
VERSION: '7.19.5',
COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
HAS_SOURCE: true
};
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="_static/favicon.ico"/>
<link rel="top" title="PycURL 7.19.5 documentation" href="index.html" />
<link rel="next" title="pycurl Module Functionality" href="pycurl.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="PycURL Installation" href="install.html" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="related">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
accesskey="I">index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
>modules</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="pycurl.html" title="pycurl Module Functionality"
accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="install.html" title="PycURL Installation"
accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
<li><a href="index.html">PycURL 7.19.5 documentation</a> »</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="document">
<div class="documentwrapper">
<div class="bodywrapper">
<div class="body">
<div class="section" id="pycurl-quick-start">
<h1>PycURL Quick Start<a class="headerlink" href="#pycurl-quick-start" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="retrieving-a-network-resource">
<h2>Retrieving A Network Resource<a class="headerlink" href="#retrieving-a-network-resource" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Once PycURL is installed we can perform network operations. The simplest
one is retrieving a resource by its URL. To issue a network request with
PycURL, the following steps are required:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ol class="arabic simple">
<li>Create a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pycurl.Curl</span></tt> instance.</li>
<li>Use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setopt</span></tt> to set options.</li>
<li>Call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">perform</span></tt> to perform the operation.</li>
</ol>
</div></blockquote>
<p>Here is how we can retrieve a network resource in Python 2:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pycurl</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">StringIO</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">StringIO</span>
<span class="nb">buffer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">StringIO</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pycurl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Curl</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WRITEDATA</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perform</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">body</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getvalue</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Body is a string in some encoding.</span>
<span class="c"># In Python 2, we can print it without knowing what the encoding is.</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This code is available as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/get_python2.py</span></tt>.</p>
<p>PycURL does not provide storage for the network response - that is the
application’s job. Therefore we must setup a buffer (in the form of a
StringIO object) and instruct PycURL to write to that buffer.</p>
<p>Most of the existing PycURL code uses WRITEFUNCTION instead of WRITEDATA
as follows:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WRITEFUNCTION</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>While the WRITEFUNCTION idiom continues to work, it is now unnecessary.
As of PycURL 7.19.3 WRITEDATA accepts any Python object with a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">write</span></tt>
method.</p>
<p>Python 3 version is slightly more complicated:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pycurl</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">io</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span>
<span class="nb">buffer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pycurl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Curl</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WRITEDATA</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perform</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">body</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getvalue</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Body is a byte string.</span>
<span class="c"># We have to know the encoding in order to print it to a text file</span>
<span class="c"># such as standard output.</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">decode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'iso-8859-1'</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This code is available as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/get_python3.py</span></tt>.</p>
<p>In Python 3, PycURL response the response body as a byte string.
This is handy if we are downloading a binary file, but for text documents
we must decode the byte string. In the above example, we assume that the
body is encoded in iso-8859-1.</p>
<p>Python 2 and Python 3 versions can be combined. Doing so requires decoding
the response body as in Python 3 version. The code for the combined
example can be found in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/get.py</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="examining-response-headers">
<h2>Examining Response Headers<a class="headerlink" href="#examining-response-headers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>In reality we want to decode the response using the encoding specified by
the server rather than assuming an encoding. To do this we need to
examine the response headers:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pycurl</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">re</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">io</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span>
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">ImportError</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">StringIO</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">StringIO</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span>
<span class="n">headers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">header_function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">header_line</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c"># HTTP standard specifies that headers are encoded in iso-8859-1.</span>
<span class="c"># On Python 2, decoding step can be skipped.</span>
<span class="c"># On Python 3, decoding step is required.</span>
<span class="n">header_line</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">header_line</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">decode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'iso-8859-1'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Header lines include the first status line (HTTP/1.x ...).</span>
<span class="c"># We are going to ignore all lines that don't have a colon in them.</span>
<span class="c"># This will botch headers that are split on multiple lines...</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="s">':'</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">header_line</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span>
<span class="c"># Break the header line into header name and value.</span>
<span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">header_line</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">':'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Remove whitespace that may be present.</span>
<span class="c"># Header lines include the trailing newline, and there may be whitespace</span>
<span class="c"># around the colon.</span>
<span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Header names are case insensitive.</span>
<span class="c"># Lowercase name here.</span>
<span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lower</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Now we can actually record the header name and value.</span>
<span class="n">headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">value</span>
<span class="nb">buffer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pycurl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Curl</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'http://pycurl.sourceforge.net'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WRITEFUNCTION</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Set our header function.</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">HEADERFUNCTION</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">header_function</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perform</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Figure out what encoding was sent with the response, if any.</span>
<span class="c"># Check against lowercased header name.</span>
<span class="n">encoding</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="s">'content-type'</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">headers</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">content_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'content-type'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lower</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">match</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">re</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'charset=(\S+)'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">content_type</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">match</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">encoding</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">match</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">group</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Decoding using </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">encoding</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">encoding</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c"># Default encoding for HTML is iso-8859-1.</span>
<span class="c"># Other content types may have different default encoding,</span>
<span class="c"># or in case of binary data, may have no encoding at all.</span>
<span class="n">encoding</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">'iso-8859-1'</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Assuming encoding is </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">encoding</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">body</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getvalue</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Decode using the encoding we figured out.</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">decode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">encoding</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This code is available as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/response_headers.py</span></tt>.</p>
<p>That was a lot of code for something very straightforward. Unfortunately,
as libcurl refrains from allocating memory for response data, it is on our
application to perform this grunt work.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="writing-to-a-file">
<h2>Writing To A File<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-to-a-file" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Suppose we want to save response body to a file. This is actually easy
for a change:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pycurl</span>
<span class="c"># As long as the file is opened in binary mode, both Python 2 and Python 3</span>
<span class="c"># can write response body to it without decoding.</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'out.html'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'wb'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pycurl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Curl</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WRITEDATA</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perform</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This code is available as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/write_file.py</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The important part is opening the file in binary mode - then response body
can be written bytewise without decoding or encoding steps.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="following-redirects">
<h2>Following Redirects<a class="headerlink" href="#following-redirects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>By default libcurl, and PycURL, do not follow redirects. Changing this
behavior involves using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setopt</span></tt> like so:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pycurl</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pycurl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Curl</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Redirects to https://www.python.org/.</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'http://www.python.org/'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Follow redirect.</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">FOLLOWLOCATION</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perform</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This code is available as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/follow_redirect.py</span></tt>.</p>
<p>As we did not set a write callback, the default libcurl and PycURL behavior
to write response body to standard output takes effect.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="setting-options">
<h2>Setting Options<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Following redirects is one option that libcurl provides. There are many more
such options, and they are documented on <a class="reference external" href="http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html">curl_easy_setopt</a> page.
With very few exceptions, PycURL option names are derived from libcurl
option names by removing the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CURLOPT_</span></tt> prefix. Thus, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CURLOPT_URL</span></tt>
becomes simply <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">URL</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="examining-response">
<h2>Examining Response<a class="headerlink" href="#examining-response" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>We already covered examining response headers. Other response information is
accessible via <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">getinfo</span></tt> call as follows:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pycurl</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">io</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span>
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">ImportError</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">StringIO</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">StringIO</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span>
<span class="nb">buffer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BytesIO</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pycurl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Curl</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WRITEDATA</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">buffer</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perform</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># HTTP response code, e.g. 200.</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Status: </span><span class="si">%d</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getinfo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RESPONSE_CODE</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c"># Elapsed time for the transfer.</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Status: </span><span class="si">%f</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getinfo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TOTAL_TIME</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c"># getinfo must be called before close.</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This code is available as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/response_info.py</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here we write the body to a buffer to avoid printing uninteresting output
to standard out.</p>
<p>Response information that libcurl exposes is documented on
<a class="reference external" href="http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_getinfo.html">curl_easy_getinfo</a> page. With very few exceptions, PycURL constants
are derived from libcurl constants by removing the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CURLINFO_</span></tt> prefix.
Thus, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE</span></tt> becomes simply <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RESPONSE_CODE</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="sending-form-data">
<h2>Sending Form Data<a class="headerlink" href="#sending-form-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>To send form data, use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">POSTFIELDS</span></tt> option. Form data must be URL-encoded
beforehand:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pycurl</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c"># python 3</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">urllib.parse</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">urlencode</span>
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">ImportError</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c"># python 2</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">urllib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">urlencode</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pycurl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Curl</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">URL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/tests/testpostvars.php'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">post_data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'field'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'value'</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c"># Form data must be provided already urlencoded.</span>
<span class="n">postfields</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">urlencode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">post_data</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Sets request method to POST,</span>
<span class="c"># Content-Type header to application/x-www-form-urlencoded</span>
<span class="c"># and data to send in request body.</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POSTFIELDS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">postfields</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perform</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This code is available as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/quickstart/form_post.py</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">POSTFIELDS</span></tt> automatically sets HTTP request method to POST. Other request
methods can be specified via <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CUSTOMREQUEST</span></tt> option:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setopt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CUSTOMREQUEST</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'PATCH'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sphinxsidebar">
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
<h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">PycURL Quick Start</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#retrieving-a-network-resource">Retrieving A Network Resource</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#examining-response-headers">Examining Response Headers</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#writing-to-a-file">Writing To A File</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#following-redirects">Following Redirects</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-options">Setting Options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#examining-response">Examining Response</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sending-form-data">Sending Form Data</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="install.html"
title="previous chapter">PycURL Installation</a></p>
<h4>Next topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="pycurl.html"
title="next chapter">pycurl Module Functionality</a></p>
<h3>This Page</h3>
<ul class="this-page-menu">
<li><a href="_sources/quickstart.txt"
rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="searchbox" style="display: none">
<h3>Quick search</h3>
<form class="search" action="search.html" method="get">
<input type="text" name="q" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
<p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%">
Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.
</p>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearer"></div>
</div>
<div class="related">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
>index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
>modules</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="pycurl.html" title="pycurl Module Functionality"
>next</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="install.html" title="PycURL Installation"
>previous</a> |</li>
<li><a href="index.html">PycURL 7.19.5 documentation</a> »</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="footer">
© Copyright 2001-2014 Kjetil Jacobsen, Markus F.X.J. Oberhumer, Oleg Pudeyev.
Created using <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.2.3.
</div>
</body>
</html>
|